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（三）
      "Sugar， alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation." Two and a
half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity （糖尿） level putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to consider taxing sugars as well.
      Whether such taxes work is still a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico’s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of un-taxed and heathier drinks. By contrast,a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier foods.
The Food industry, in general,firmly opposes to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the industry is under  pressure to demonstrate its products are healthy as well as tasty. Over the past 30 years,the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its products.For example, some drink manufacturers have reduced the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product,or found an alternative ingredient.More recently,however,some companies have been Investing in a more ambitious undertaking:learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell.For example,having salt on the  outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.
    While reformulating recipes is one way to improve public health,it should be a part of the multi-sided approach.The key is to remember that there is not just one solution.To deal with obesity,a mixture of approaches will be needed,there is no silver bullet.

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答案

题干问亚当·斯密是怎么说糖、酒和烟草的?定位第一段，Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation."经济学家亚当·斯密曾经写道:“糖、酒和烟草都不是生活必需品，它们已经成为几乎全球消费的对象，因此是极受欢迎的征税对象。”A项它们的生产是有利可图的。B项他们的需求日益增加。C项他们几乎在任何地方都要纳税。D。他们不再被认为是生活的必需品。只有C项符合亚当斯密所说的 。

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